Yeast Beta Glucan intends to expand the use scope ,probably will be use in infant food

Regard to Yeast Beta Glucan, The China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment(CFSA) ask for advice with public about expand use scope of this material as a nutrition enhancer on 11^th,Oct.2016

It is understood that the expansion of the scope of use, including infant formula food, infant supplementary food, special medical use formula food.

Table 1 : The report of Yeast Yeast Glucan application to expand the scope

The main structure of Beta Glucan

Beta glucan is a polysaccharide formed by the linkage of D-glucose monomer by glycosidic bond, the main chemical structure is β-1,3 glucan and β-1,6 glucan, the former has anti-tumor activity, can be greatly enhance the body's natural immune system, in addition, it can also adjust intestinal microbial composition as a prebiotics

Beta glucan is widely exists in a variety of fungi and plants, mainly from fresh food such as saccharomyces cerevisiae, oat,barley, highland barley, edible or medical mushroom and so on.. Among them,the

Yeast Beta Glucan is one kind of polysaccharide with enhanced immune activity function,exsit in the yeast cell wall.Yeast beta glucan is from the yeast cells by autolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, purification and refined, molecular weight of about 1000KD, mainly with β-1,3-D-glucan as the main chain, the structure is different from the general sugar linear molecular structure, is a unique triple super-micro-spiral structure. This particular type of ultramicroscopic molecular structure is the most immunologically active and most easily absorbed form of the human body, Therefore exhibit non-specific immune enhancement effects in animal experiments.

Bioactivity of Yeast Beta Glucan

Because yeast beta glucan have the special structure, it has lower cholesterol and blood lipids, increase the body's immune system and other physiological activity.Numerous studies have shown, The mechanism of yeast β-glucan immunoregulation is it have ability to specifically bind with the immune cells of animal and human, by stimulating the in vivo lymphocytes and activating  macrophages of animal,to get immune activity of the body. Therefore, yeast β-glucan has many aspects of immune function.

1. Anti-cancer, anti-tumor

At present, the main objective of the study of anti-cancer function is to enhance the activity of macrophages in human tissues, yeast beta glucan has this function precisely. Cheung NK and other scientists have researched β-1,3-glucan with Immunodeficient Xenotransplantation Tumor Model, examined the relationship between the anti-tumor effect and its physical and chemical characteristics,show that, it can significantly increase to establish the anti-tumor effect of the anti-tumor monoclonal antibody (mAb) in mice by oral yeast beta-glucan.

2. Anti-oxidation, anti-radiation

Yeast beta glucan can effectively remove free radicals in the body, protects macrophages from free radical attack during and after suffering from radiation, so that these macrophages continue to function properly. Cell culture experiments show that, Carboxymethyl β-glucan can inhibit the consumption of antioxidant molecules under ultraviolet radiation, promote the growth of keratin, and thus protect the skin cells. PathchenML and others studies have shown that, water-soluble glucan is able to enhance rapid healing after irradiation of cobalt-60. Treatment of irradiated mice with beta-glucan can enhance the ability of mice to recover and increase bone marrow viability and increase the number of white blood cells while increasing the number of spleen cells.

3. Promote wound healing

Because macrophage activity plays an important role in surgery and wound healing,yeast beta glucan has the ability to participate in the body's natural defense and accelerate the healing function of skin wounds. Waisun and others research have found that,wiped injury of animal leg with 20～100mg/ml yeast beta glucan solution,can reduce the infection rate after abdominal thoracic surgery.

4. Lower cholesterol and blood lipids

The specific structure of β-glucan can promote release of lipoprotein, fatty acid,make the blood molecules of lipids into small molecules,so can clarify the role of serum lipids caused by excessive serum turbidity,then significantly reduce blood cholesterol. Nicolosi and others have studied 15 obese, hypercholesterolemic men, In the study the patient kept the same body weight,at  the seven week, reduced 8% of total blood cholesterol levels significantly,at the eight week,reduced 6% base the result of the seven week, It can be seen that yeast beta gliucan can significantly reduce plasma cholesterol levels.

Comparison of the Effects of Adding Yeat Beta Glucan powder or not in Food

1. Infant formula food---milk powder

After adding a certain amount of yeast β-glucan, Detection of yeast β- glucan content in milk powder,as following table:

Table 2-1 Comparison of the Effect of Yeast Beta Glucan before and after Adding Milk Powder

Compared with non-added milk powder, the milk powder which added 50mg /100g yeast β-glucan can enhance the function of human immune system activity, Immunity by activating macrophage activity.

2. Infant supplementary food--- rice flour

After adding a certain amount of yeast β-glucan, Detection of yeast β- glucan content in rice flour,as following table:

Table 2-2 Comparison of the Effect of Yeast Beta Glucan before and after Adding rice flour

Compared with non-added rice flour, the rice flour which added 50mg /100gyeast β-glucan can enhance the function of human immune system activity, Immunity by activating macrophage activity.

3. Special medical use formula food--- formulated infant milk

After adding a certain amount of yeast β-glucan, Detection of yeast β- glucan content in formulated infant milk,as following table:

Table 2-3 Comparison of the Effect of Yeast Beta Glucan before and after Adding formulated infant milk

Compared with non-added rice flour, the rice flour which added 21mg /100gyeast β-glucan can enhance the function of human immune system activity, Immunity by activating macrophage activity. Preterm / low birth weight children formula food yeast β- glucan can enhance infant immunity.